• Poster No.: 2S-Ba05
  • Presentation Time: September 10, 2014　10:55-
  • Title: Present situation of gasification CHP technology from solid biomass
  • Author(s): ○Takeshi Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Noda  (Yanmar CO.,LTD)

Abstract

They research and develop a wide variety of technology using biomass. There is not the technology which is the best at all points, and every technology assumes a role by capitalizing on their own strength. We research and develop gasification which is one of biomass technologies and introduce present situation of it during this speech.
Advantages of gasification are high efficiency at a small scale and adaptive flexibility to a various kind of biomass.
Gasification consists of 2 steps. The first is producing gas with gasifier and the other is electric generation with gas engine. We mainly speak about gasifier.
Necessary requirement for gasifier is not only producing high calorie gas but also preventing troubles of tar adhering to slide parts, pipe obstruction by tar and ash melting and so on. Major element effects them is the temperature profile, so we has developed technologies to control and achieve the perfect profile as the situation demands.
Generally speaking, gasification has a big problem of tar trouble. So, manufacturers of gas engine established their own standards regarding tar concentration. The standards are too difficult to use biomass gas and gasification system users use gas engines without warranty actually. On the other hand, we produce both gasifier and gas engine, so we can guarantee our gasification system because we improve not only gasifier to product low tar gas also gas engine to use high tar gas as fuel.
There are some other problems. Gasification system has cyclone, scrubber, filter, heat exchanger and so on to remove impurities from product gas and to cool gas, and their devices need maintenance every certain period. Furthemore gasification produces waste water includes pollutant for example tar, soot and ash. It costs huge to dispose of or purify waste water. It is important in the days ahead for gasification technology to improve cost time and money by long or free maintenance and no emission.